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News Trial set for Parmalat execs facing fraud charges
Trial set for Parmalat execs facing fraud charges
Chris Buell
September 27, 2005 03:04:00 pm

The trial of 16 former Parmalat directors and executives, including the company's founder and former chairman Calisto Tanzi , is set to open in Milan Wednesday, nearly two years after massive accounting...

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News Nepal government sets timetable for democratic elections
Nepal government sets timetable for democratic elections
Chris Buell
September 22, 2005 08:51:00 am

After months of absolute rule by King Gyanendra , Nepal will move forward with local elections by April 2006 and national elections within two years, Nepalese Foreign Minister Ramesh Nath Pandey told...

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News Judge denies arrest warrant for former Mexican president
Judge denies arrest warrant for former Mexican president
Chris Buell
September 22, 2005 08:06:00 am

A Mexican judge on Wednesday refused to issue an arrest warrant for former President Luis Echeverria and seven other officials for a 1968 massacre of student protesters, ending a second attempt by prosecutors to bring...

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News Iraqi constitution could allow religious discrimination, Christian leaders warn
Iraqi constitution could allow religious discrimination, Christian leaders warn
Chris Buell
September 22, 2005 07:50:00 am

Christian leaders in Iraq have warned officials that the draft constitution "opens the door widely" to discrimination of religious minorities in the country. Patriarch Emmanuel III Delly of the Chaldeans met with...

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News Katrina leaves New Orleans justice system shaken
Katrina leaves New Orleans justice system shaken
Chris Buell
September 22, 2005 07:31:00 am

In the wake of Hurricane Katrina , local law enforcement and federal agents have expressed increasing concern over the damage the storm wreaked on the New Orleans justice system and how quickly it can recover. Among the...

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News Lawyers request federal judge to oversee Gitmo hunger strike
Lawyers request federal judge to oversee Gitmo hunger strike
Chris Buell
September 22, 2005 07:08:00 am

Expressing concern over the condition of Guantanamo Bay detainees participating in a hunger strike, attorneys for some of the detainees have told District Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly that the detainees are in worse condition than the military...

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News Annan urges nuclear test ban treaty ratification at UN conference
Annan urges nuclear test ban treaty ratification at UN conference
Chris Buell
September 21, 2005 08:36:00 pm

UN Secretary General Kofi Annan on Wednesday called on nations to quickly sign and ratify the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty as he opened the fourth conference on bringing the treaty into force....

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News Grand jury slams Philadelphia archdiocese for clergy abuse, but lays no charges
Grand jury slams Philadelphia archdiocese for clergy abuse, but lays no charges
Chris Buell
September 21, 2005 08:07:00 pm

A grand jury in Philadelphia on Wednesday issued a 418-page report severely criticizing the Archdiocese of Philadelphia for alleged cover-ups of widespread clergy abuses in the Archdiocese over the course of decades, but handed...

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News House OKs tax relief bill for Katrina victims
House OKs tax relief bill for Katrina victims
Chris Buell
September 21, 2005 07:59:00 pm

The US House of Representatives on Wednesday unanimously approved H.R. 3768 , providing $6 billion in temporary tax relief aimed at helping people and organizations hit by Hurricane Katrina . In particular, the legislation...

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News UPDATE ~ Specter says Pentagon obstructing "Able Danger" inquiry
UPDATE ~ Specter says Pentagon obstructing "Able Danger" inquiry
Chris Buell
September 21, 2005 07:55:00 pm

US Senate Judiciary Chairman Sen. Arlen Specter said Wednesday that the US Defense Department was blocking an investigation by the Senate Judiciary Committee into a highly-classified Army intelligence program that allegedly identified four of the...

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Latest DISPATCHES
Taiwan dispatch: Ministry condemns China after Kenya blocks delegates from Ocean Conference

Taiwan dispatch: Ministry condemns China after Kenya blocks delegates from Ocean Conference

Ghana dispatch: former finance minister granted permanent residence in the US, thwarting extradition efforts

Ghana dispatch: former finance minister granted permanent residence in the US, thwarting extradition efforts

Latest COMMENTARY
‘How Would a Newborn Declare Allegiance?’ — A Law Professor and Grok Revisit the Birthright Citizenship Decision

‘How Would a Newborn Declare Allegiance?’ — A Law Professor and Grok Revisit the Birthright Citizenship Decision

by L. Ali Khan | Washburn University School of Law
Why the Alaska Court Was Right to Reject a ‘Good Faith’ Test for Ballot Access

Why the Alaska Court Was Right to Reject a ‘Good Faith’ Test for Ballot Access

by Mark Brown | Capital University Law School
Latest FEATURES
‘To Remember Is a Form of Resistance’: A Conversation with JURIST Iran Correspondent AmirAli Maleki

‘To Remember Is a Form of Resistance’: A Conversation with JURIST Iran Correspondent AmirAli Maleki

Disenfranchisement as punishment: Ghana weighs democratic order against an inalienable vote

Disenfranchisement as punishment: Ghana weighs democratic order against an inalienable vote

THIS DAY @ LAW

US Justice Department founded

On July 1, 1870, the US Congress's "Act to Establish the Department of Justice" took effect, and the US Department of Justice (DOJ) was officially founded. The Act took the existing office of the Attorney General and made it the head of the new executive department. Congress created the department due to the ongoing legal difficulties surrounding Reconstruction following the US Civil War, the process where the states in rebellion were formally readmitted to the Union and emancipated slaves gained citizenship for the first time. Learn more from the Department Of Justice.

President Lincoln signed first US federal income tax act

On July 1, 1862, the Tax Act of 1862 was passed and signed by President Lincoln, establishing a 3% federal tax on income above $600 and a 5% tax on income above $10,000. Compliance with the act was poor, even though there were needs for the Civil War. After the war, the act was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. Review a brief history of the US income tax from the Library of Congress.

UK returns Hong Kong to China

On July 1, 1997, the United Kingdom returned Hong Kong to China at the conclusion of a 99-year lease. The foundation for the transfer of power was set in December of 1984 when China and the UK signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration on Hong Kong. The Declaration affirmed the handover of Hong Kong along with governing principles. Most significantly, the Chinese agreed not to impose their socialist system on Hong Kong.

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