UN humanitarian chief Tom Fletcher on Wednesday warned that the recent rise in the use of drones poses a risk for aid operations, emphasizing that international humanitarian law, which prohibits attacks on humanitarian workers and civilians, continues to apply to drone warfare regardless of how sophisticated or autonomous the weapons become.

Fletcher, the UN Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, spoke during a visit to Ukraine for World Humanitarian Day. After two days in Kherson, he described the city as “saturated by the use of drones against civilian areas.” He emphasized that humanitarian workers as well as civilian residents live under the constant peril of these weapons.

Fletcher warned that as remote pilots move farther from their victims, so do accountability and justice. He also recounted a visit to a hospital where 70 percent of wounded patients were drone survivors, and witnessed the aftermath of a drone strike on Kherson Hospital.

In a video posted to X, while driving the road from Mykolaiv to Kherson—known locally as the “Road of Death” because of the frequent Russian drone —the UN official remarked that “easily available means to kill are outstripping accountability.”

Data from the UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine shows a sharp rise in civilian harm. In July 2026, the estimated 437 civilians killed and 2,610 injured was the highest monthly toll since May 2022. Missiles and drones accounted for 38 percent of casualties, with drones alone responsible for more than a fourth of deaths and causalities.

While not the deadliest weapons in terms of overall toll, drones have contributed disproportionately to the recent surge in non-combatant casualties. Drones are cheap and flexible, allowing strikes both near and far from the front lines.

Although drone technology is changing “every week” on both sides of the conflict, Fletcher stressed that “what doesn’t change or must not change each week is international humanitarian law.”

Russia has used drones extensively against Ukrainian energy infrastructure and civilian areas since the start of the full-scale war in February 2022. Ukraine has also conducted large-scale drone strikes deep into Russian territory, reflecting an expansion of its own drone capabilities, mostly targeting military and infrastructure sites inside Russia.

While the situation in Ukraine is particularly acute, Fletcher noted that armed drones are transforming warfare in multiple conflicts, citing Sudan, Somalia, Gaza, Lebanon and Colombia. In these places, drones have become a major cause of civilian casualties and threat to humanitarian work. Pursuant to Article 36 of Additional Protocol I to the 1949 Geneva Conventions, new weapons  should be evaluated to ensure that they exist in compliance of international humanitarian law and ensure full civilian protection.