UN Human Rights Chief Volker Türk on Tuesday urged Tunisian authorities to halt their persecution of civil society organizations, journalists, human rights activists, and members of the judiciary, who have been subjected to criminal proceedings in retaliation for their outspoken criticism of government policies and the president’s consolidation of power.
Türk criticized the growing trend of the government’s infringement on the fundamental right to freedom of expression, by stating:
Restrictions on fundamental freedoms must remain exceptional, grounded in clear law, be necessary and proportionate to pursue a legitimate objective, non-discriminatory and accompanied by due process and effective judicial oversight. Upholding the rule of law in Tunisia requires stronger institutional safeguards, the protection of civic space, and inclusive, rights based legislative reform, in line with the country’s international human rights commitments.
In line with the government’s ongoing crackdown on the media, a new wave of restrictive measures has been introduced, characterized by the enactment of intentionally vague laws filled with ambiguous provisions. Such provisions, which lack adequate specificity and internationally-mandated legal safeguards, have been routinely weaponized by authorities, leading to selective enforcement. For instance, in late April, journalist Zied El Heni was arrested and charged under a vague law that criminalizes the usage of telecommunication networks to “harm others.”
The main issue with this law is that no guidance has been provided as to what the word “harm” constitutes, and what degree of commission of harm would fall under the scope of the law. This can be clearly seen in another case where 28 other journalists, including Mourad Zghidi, were arrested and sentenced for exhibiting conduct that fell under the broad scope of a 2022 law to tackle crimes related to information and communication systems, another vaguely worded law which is susceptible to political weaponization.
In addition to its crackdown on members of the media, Tunisian authorities have also sought to paralyze the judicial limb of government, such as prosecuting Judge Anas Hmedi, President of the Association of Tunisian Judges, due to a protest that he had organized to protest government interference. On the other hand, Judge Hammadi Rahmani was sentenced in absentia in April 2025 by a Tunisian court to three years’ imprisonment on charges of “insulting others on social media.”
The arbitrary nature of the charges against him was tenfold, with his violent arrest and subsequent detention, and the fact that he still had judicial immunity from criminal proceedings when the charges were first unveiled. The significant and sustained decline of human rights in the country since the events of 25 July 2021, when President Kais Saied suspended parliament, dismissed the prime minister and ruled by decree, has posed a hurdle to the rule of law in the country.
