Commentaries by Sara Bonato | University of Oxford

Do you approve the text of the law revising Articles 87, paragraph 10, 102, paragraph 1, 104, 105, 106, paragraph 3, 107, paragraph 1, and 110 of the Constitution, approved by Parliament and published in the Official Gazette no. 253 of 30 October 2025 under the title ‘Provisions Governing the Judicial System and the Establishment [...]

“I don’t give a shit what you call it,” US Vice President JD Vance replied last year to suggestions that killing Venezuelan civilians without any due process would be described a war crime. That comment was in relation to the US bombing boats suspected of drug trafficking in the Caribbean and Pacific in over 30 strikes, [...]